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        <h3 class="post-title"><span>Linux(Ubuntu/CentOS) 下查看 GLIBC 版本</span></h3>
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        gatieme 发表于
        <time datetime="2020-10-06T15:35:00.000Z">2020-10-06</time>
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<td>2020-10-06</td>
<td style="text-align:center"><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/gatieme" target="_blank" rel="noopener">gatieme</a></td>
<td style="text-align:center"><a href="https://github.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/tree/master/system/tools/glibc/001-version" target="_blank" rel="noopener">AderXCoding</a></td>
<td style="text-align:center"><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/gatieme/article/details/108945425" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Linux(Ubuntu/CentOS) 下查看 GLIBC 版本</a></td>
<td style="text-align:center"><a href="https://oskernellab.com/2020/10/06/2020/1006-0001-Linux_get_glibc_version/">Linux(Ubuntu/CentOS) 下查看 GLIBC 版本</a></td>
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<p><br></p>
<p>本作品采用<a rel="noopener" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target="_blank">知识共享署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际许可协议</a>进行许可, 转载请注明出处, 谢谢合作</p>
<p><a rel="noopener" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target="_blank"><img alt="知识共享许可协议" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png"></a></p>
<p>因本人技术水平和知识面有限, 内容如有纰漏或者需要修正的地方, 欢迎大家指正, 鄙人在此谢谢啦</p>
<p><strong>转载请务必注明出处, 谢谢, 不胜感激</strong></p>
<p><br></p>
<h1 id="1-ldd-–version"><a href="#1-ldd-–version" class="headerlink" title="1 ldd –version"></a>1 ldd –version</h1><hr>
<p>最简单直接的方法</p>
<figure class="highlight cpp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ldd --version</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>其输出如下:</p>
<p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/master/system/tools/glibc/001-version/001-ldd_version.png" alt="001-ldd_version.png"></p>
<h1 id="2-通过-libc-so-获取版本号"><a href="#2-通过-libc-so-获取版本号" class="headerlink" title="2 通过 libc.so 获取版本号"></a>2 通过 libc.so 获取版本号</h1><hr>
<p>GLIBC 库已经为了我们考虑到这点了, 因此从 libc.so 我们可以获取到版本信息.</p>
<h2 id="2-1-首先查找到-libc-库的位置"><a href="#2-1-首先查找到-libc-库的位置" class="headerlink" title="2.1 首先查找到 libc 库的位置"></a>2.1 首先查找到 libc 库的位置</h2><hr>
<p>关于如何找到 GLIBC 库, 有多种方法</p>
<ol>
<li>ldd 一个当前系统中 C 库编写的动态可执行程序</li>
</ol>
<figure class="highlight cpp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ldd `which top` | grep <span class="string">"libc.so"</span></span><br><span class="line">        libc.so<span class="number">.6</span> =&gt; /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so<span class="number">.6</span> (<span class="number">0x00007f6e32226000</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/master/system/tools/glibc/001-version/002-01-libc_ldd.png" alt="002-01-libc_ldd.png"></p>
<ol start="2">
<li>原理同 2, 只不过是从正在运行的程序的动态库中获取</li>
</ol>
<p>当前进程 shell 一般是一个 C 库的程序, lsof 查看它运行时加载的 libc 库是哪个</p>
<figure class="highlight cpp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">lsof -p $$ <span class="number">2</span>&gt;&amp;<span class="number">1</span> | grep <span class="string">"libc-"</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/master/system/tools/glibc/001-version/002-02-libc_lsof.png" alt="002-02-libc_lsof.png"></p>
<ol start="3">
<li>通过 gcc 获取到 libc 库的位置</li>
</ol>
<p>cat <code>gcc -print-file-name=libc.so</code></p>
<p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/master/system/tools/glibc/001-version/002-03-libc_gcc.png" alt="002-03-libc_gcc.png"></p>
<h2 id="2-2-从-libc-库上获取版本号"><a href="#2-2-从-libc-库上获取版本号" class="headerlink" title="2.2 从 libc 库上获取版本号"></a>2.2 从 libc 库上获取版本号</h2><hr>
<ol>
<li>直接看 libc.so 的后缀版本号</li>
</ol>
<p>很明显, libc-2.27.so 后缀为 2.27, 因此 GLIBC 版本号为 2.27</p>
<p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/master/system/tools/glibc/001-version/002-11-libc_str.png" alt="002-11-libc_str.png"></p>
<ol start="2">
<li>直接运行 libc.so</li>
</ol>
<p>GLIBC 的动态库是可以执行运行的, 运行将显示版本号以及版权信息, 可以看到 版本号也是  2.27</p>
<p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/master/system/tools/glibc/001-version/002-12-libc_run.png" alt="002-12-libc_run.png"></p>
<ol start="3">
<li>同 2, 获取版本号</li>
</ol>
<p>GLIBC 库加上 –version 同样显示版本号, 我们可以看到打印的信息和直接运行的信息是一致的.</p>
<p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/master/system/tools/glibc/001-version/002-13-libc_version.png" alt="002-13-libc_version.png"></p>
<h1 id="3-GNU-LIBC-VERSION"><a href="#3-GNU-LIBC-VERSION" class="headerlink" title="3 GNU_LIBC_VERSION"></a>3 GNU_LIBC_VERSION</h1><hr>
<p>标记 GLIBC 版本号的变量为 GNU_LIBC_VERSION, 直接查看它即可</p>
<figure class="highlight cpp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">getconf GNU_LIBC_VERSION</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/master/system/tools/glibc/001-version/003-GNU_LIBC_VERSION.png" alt="003-GNU_LIBC_VERSION.png"></p>
<p>注意我们还有另外一个变量, 也可以类似的获取到 GLIBC PTHREAD 版本号, GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION, 不过多数情况下, 他与 GLIBC 版本号是一致的.</p>
<figure class="highlight cpp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">getconf GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/master/system/tools/glibc/001-version/003-GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION.png" alt="003-GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>在 Linux 上实现 pThreads 的 NPTL 项目是一个单独的项目, 最初添加内核支持并提供自己的库. 当它足够稳定时, 就会合并为glibc.<br>我们发行版一般使用的 GLIBC 都是 stable 版本, 因此我认为这两个版本在所有合理的最新安装上都是相同的.</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="4-gnu-get-libc-version"><a href="#4-gnu-get-libc-version" class="headerlink" title="4 gnu_get_libc_version"></a>4 gnu_get_libc_version</h1><hr>
<p>GLIBC 中内置了一些信息标记版本号, 用来在程序中可以获取到 GLIBC 的版本号. 这是一个字符串, 因为一些高级的特性是 GLIBC 高版本才支持的, 因此用户的程序可能经常要看版本号来执行不同的操作和处理.<br>gnu_get_libc_version 和 gnu_get_libc_release 就是这样的内置信息, 我们可以通过  man 手册来获取详细信息.</p>
<figure class="highlight cpp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// cat get_glibc_version.c</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string">&lt;gnu/libc-version.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string">&lt;stdlib.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="title">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="keyword">int</span> argc, <span class="keyword">char</span> *argv[])</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">"GNU libc version: %s\n"</span>, gnu_get_libc_version());</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">"GNU libc release: %s\n"</span>, gnu_get_libc_release());</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> EXIT_SUCCESS;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/master/system/tools/glibc/001-version/004-gnu_get_libc_version.png" alt="004-gnu_get_libc_version.png"></p>
<h1 id="5-查看发行版安装的软件包版本"><a href="#5-查看发行版安装的软件包版本" class="headerlink" title="5 查看发行版安装的软件包版本"></a>5 查看发行版安装的软件包版本</h1><hr>
<p>发行版打包的软件包一般都是有版本号后缀的, 因此查看我们发行版安装的 GLIBC 包的名字, 就可以知道版本号.</p>
<p>比如 <code>Ubuntu</code> 可以使用 <code>dpkg -l</code> 查看安装的软件版本<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20201007000719559.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2dhdGllbWU=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center" alt="在这里插入图片描述"></p>
<p><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/master/system/tools/glibc/001-version/005-ubuntu_dpkg.png" alt="005-ubuntu_dpkg.png"></p>
<p>同样 Centos 也可以使用 rpm -q glibc 查看对应软件包的名称及版本.</p>
<h1 id="6-参考资料"><a href="#6-参考资料" class="headerlink" title="6 参考资料"></a>6 参考资料</h1><hr>
<p><a href="https://benohead.com/blog/2015/01/28/linux-check-glibc-version" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Linux: Check the glibc version</a></p>
<p><br></p>
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